It the year 1627 , almost all bharat was under the Mughals. In north Shah Jahan , in Bijapur Sultan Mohd. Adil Shah, in Golcanda Sultan Abdulla Qutub Shah.
The deccan Sultans always preferred to have Muslim in their Army but as portugese controlled ports and and Mughal controlled the land routes due to this it was not possible to get muslims officers from central asia and north Africa so the sultans of Deccan were forced to appoint Hindu officers, one such Adil Shah military commander was a Maratha named SHAHAJI BHOSALE.
On 19 February 1630 in Shivneri Fort a son was born to Shahaji and Jijabai which later knows as Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji Maharaj childhood was spent with mother Jijabai and Dadoji kondev.
In India ,during the 1946 AD for a hindu ruler to establish an independent kingdom , there had to be three condition fulfilled.
1). Area Needed to be far from imperial power Center.
2). Agriculturally unimportant.
3). Dense forest for guerilla warfare.
▪︎ What is Guerilla warfare ?
》 Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians , or irregulars use military tactics including ambushes , sabotage , raids , petty warfare , hit-and-run tactics , and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military .
These conditions were fulfilled around 1946 AD from local peasants called MAVLIS placed was Maval currently near pune.
Shivaji Maharaj had a good idea about the importance of fort therefore just at the age of 15 year he took control over the Torna, Chakan and Kondana forts by bribing the Adil Shahi Commanders
and then Thane, Kalyan and Bhiwandi forts from Mullah Ahmed was seized by Shivaji Maharaj with the help of Abaji Sondev. These events ruffled the Adil Shahi Sultanate.
To stop Shivaji Maharaj , they arrested Shivaji Maharaj father in year 1648 AD that's why shivaji didn't attack Adil Shahi Sultanate for the next seven year but he was getting Deshmukh and others influential people's support and crushing rival by hooks or crooks. Slowly he built a huge army commanded by Netaji Palkar , infantry by Yeshaji kank and had forty forts under his dominion.
What to learn from this Incident?
○Always make use of your time in a systematic manner.
○ Never lose our hope.
○ Planning is the key.
By seeing all this ,in year 1659 AD Badi Sahiba of Bijapur sent Afzal Khan, an Afghan general with an army of 10,000 soldiers to destroy Shivaji Maharaj . Afzal khan was known for his cruelty and brutal strength.
Afzal Khan called shivaji Maharaj to meet him personally for truce with a plan to kill him.
When they met, Khan in the pretext of hugging shivaji tried to suffocate Shivaji with his iron grip but shivaji had a hidden tiger claws and a dagger . He tore apart Khan's Stomach and killed him, then in the battle of pratapgath Shivajis forces decisively defeated the Bijapur Sultunate forces .
What is the lesson behind this Incident?
》 PREPARATION OF SCENARIO ANALYSIS.
》 PREPARATION IS THE KEY.
Shocked by the defeat of the powerful Afzal Khan, Bijapur Sultan sent Rustom Zaman ,on 28 December 1659 AD Shivaji Maharaj led a full frontal attack at the center of the enemy forces while two other portion of his cavalry, which is known as FLANK ATTACK. Rustam Zaman fled the battle field in disgrace.
In year 1660 AD, Adil Shah sent his general Siddi Jauhar to attack Shivaji . Siddi Jauhar Army surround the Panhala forts from all directions.
Shivaji tricked Siddi Jauhar to meet him once and Shivaji Maharaj convinced Adil Shah that Siddi Jauhar was a traitor , while they were fighting internally Shivaji Maharaj escaped with 5 thousand soldiers in one night from Panhala Fort.
Baji prabhu Deshpande held rear guard with just 700 men and fought bravely to death while Shivaji reached the Vishalgarh safely.
● Baji Prabhu Desh pande
After this badi begum of Bijapur requested Aurangjeb to help her. He sent his maternal uncle Shaista khan with 1,50,000 soldiers. Shaista Khan with his heavily armed Mughal army seized pune and established his residence at Shivaji Maharaj place Lal Mahal .Shivaji Maharaj and a troop of some 400 followers infiltrated pune,using a wedding processor as a cover.
In the night they launched a most audacious attack directly on Shaista Khan. Khan saved himself from Shivaji Maharaj sword by jumping out of the window but lost three fingers.
In year 1664 AD , Shivaji Maharaj ransacked the city Surat , a wealthy Mughal trading centre. Aurangjeb was enraged and sent the 60 year old Rajput veteran Mirja Raja Jai singh 1 with his 1,50,000 strong army. Jai singh won and Shivaji Maharaj had to give up 23 forts and pay compensation of 40,000 hunas to the Mughals.
He also had to go Agra with his 9 year old son Sambhaji. The plan was to contain shivaji Maharaj by giving him a place in the prestigious Mughal court but Aurangjeb made the mistake of humiliating Shivaji Maharaj and placing him under house arrest. Shivaji Maharaj feigned severe illness and requested to send daily shipment of sweets and gifts to saints and sadhu of Agra for his health. While that was going on Shivaji Maharaj disguised as a labourer carrying a sweet basket on with Smabhaji.
He then took the route passing by Mathura, Kashi, Gaya, Puri, Golconda, Bijapur and finally reached the Raigarh.
By 1674 AD , Shivaji Maharaj launched a big offensive and in four month recovered a major portion of the territories surrounded by Mughals.
From 1671 to 1674 AD, Auragjeb tried everything in his power using his general Daud Khan and Mahabat Khan to subdue Shivaji Maharaj but failed terribly. Additionally Ali Adil Shah died in 1672 AD and Bijapur fell into disarray.
Finally on 6 June 1674, Shivaji Maharaj was crowned king of Marathas in a Lavish Hindu Ceremony at Raigarh by Gaga Bhatt. Tilak, janehu and vedic chanting customs which had not been followed for centuries were revived.
Shivaji Maharaj was not just great by his military achievements but also he was the most able administrator it was said that Shivaji Maharaj was the combination of Maharana Pratap and Chanakya. He never discriminated against any religion and a lot of his general were muslim including his personal bodyguards. He never disrespected women or used them as a war strategy.
He pioneered guirella warfare and had a strategic mind to build a navy and a network of forts. He started with 4 forts and 2000 soldiers and by the time he died he commanded an army of 100,000 people and had 300 forts. In march 1680, Shivaji Maharaj fell I'll with fever and dysentery and died on 5 April 1680.
Men like Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj never die , they live forever in the hearts of people they inspire.
After this badi begum of Bijapur requested Aurangjeb to help her. He sent his maternal uncle Shaista khan with 1,50,000 soldiers. Shaista Khan with his heavily armed Mughal army seized pune and established his residence at Shivaji Maharaj place Lal Mahal .Shivaji Maharaj and a troop of some 400 followers infiltrated pune,using a wedding processor as a cover.
In the night they launched a most audacious attack directly on Shaista Khan. Khan saved himself from Shivaji Maharaj sword by jumping out of the window but lost three fingers.In year 1664 AD , Shivaji Maharaj ransacked the city Surat , a wealthy Mughal trading centre. Aurangjeb was enraged and sent the 60 year old Rajput veteran Mirja Raja Jai singh 1 with his 1,50,000 strong army. Jai singh won and Shivaji Maharaj had to give up 23 forts and pay compensation of 40,000 hunas to the Mughals.
He also had to go Agra with his 9 year old son Sambhaji. The plan was to contain shivaji Maharaj by giving him a place in the prestigious Mughal court but Aurangjeb made the mistake of humiliating Shivaji Maharaj and placing him under house arrest. Shivaji Maharaj feigned severe illness and requested to send daily shipment of sweets and gifts to saints and sadhu of Agra for his health. While that was going on Shivaji Maharaj disguised as a labourer carrying a sweet basket on with Smabhaji.
He then took the route passing by Mathura, Kashi, Gaya, Puri, Golconda, Bijapur and finally reached the Raigarh.
By 1674 AD , Shivaji Maharaj launched a big offensive and in four month recovered a major portion of the territories surrounded by Mughals.From 1671 to 1674 AD, Auragjeb tried everything in his power using his general Daud Khan and Mahabat Khan to subdue Shivaji Maharaj but failed terribly. Additionally Ali Adil Shah died in 1672 AD and Bijapur fell into disarray.
Finally on 6 June 1674, Shivaji Maharaj was crowned king of Marathas in a Lavish Hindu Ceremony at Raigarh by Gaga Bhatt. Tilak, janehu and vedic chanting customs which had not been followed for centuries were revived. Shivaji Maharaj was not just great by his military achievements but also he was the most able administrator it was said that Shivaji Maharaj was the combination of Maharana Pratap and Chanakya. He never discriminated against any religion and a lot of his general were muslim including his personal bodyguards. He never disrespected women or used them as a war strategy.
He pioneered guirella warfare and had a strategic mind to build a navy and a network of forts. He started with 4 forts and 2000 soldiers and by the time he died he commanded an army of 100,000 people and had 300 forts. In march 1680, Shivaji Maharaj fell I'll with fever and dysentery and died on 5 April 1680.Men like Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj never die , they live forever in the hearts of people they inspire. 
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